Europe Bureau — Perthshire Energy Desk

Cross-spectrum energy briefings from 22 country desks across Europe.

• Austria — OMV; Vienna OPEC seat; Russian-gas legacy.
• Belgium — Zeebrugge LNG; nuclear extension debate.
• Denmark — Ørsted; offshore-wind incumbent; North Sea decommissioning.
• Finland — Olkiluoto-3; deep nuclear repository at Onkalo.
• France — EDF; nuclear-heavy; EPR2 fleet plan; offshore wind ramp.
• Germany — Energiewende; Russian-gas exit; coal phase-out by 2030.
• Greece — Revithoussa LNG; Alexandroupolis FSRU; East Med gas play.
• Hungary — Paks-2 Russian nuclear build; TurkStream offtake.
• Ireland — Celtic Interconnector; offshore wind permitting reform.
• Italy — Eni; Mattei Plan for African gas; Trans-Adriatic Pipeline.
• Netherlands — TTF gas hub; Groningen wind-down; Rotterdam refining.
• Norway — Equinor; Europe's largest gas supplier; Johan Sverdrup.
• Poland — Coal exit by 2049; Świnoujście LNG; nuclear with Westinghouse.
• Portugal — Iberian peninsula renewables; Sines LNG terminal.
• Romania — Black Sea Neptun Deep; Cernavodă SMR pilot.
• Russia — Gazprom, Rosneft; sanctions reroute crude to India / China.
• Serbia — Lithium rights dispute (Jadar / Rio Tinto); coal-heavy grid.
• Spain — Iberian renewables; Cepsa hydrogen; floating offshore wind.
• Sweden — Vattenfall; nuclear restart push; Baltic offshore wind.
• Switzerland — Hydropower-dominant grid; nuclear phase-out reconsideration.
• Ukraine — Naftogaz; war-damaged grid; Energoatom nuclear fleet.
• United Kingdom — North Sea decline; Hinkley / Sizewell; CfD offshore-wind auctions.